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What Are Liabilities? Definition, Examples and Net Worth Impact
What Are My Financial Liabilities?
Liabilities are the debts you're obligated to repay, such as auto and student loans.
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Liability is a fancy word for debt, or something that you owe. Once you know your total liabilities, you can subtract them from your total assets, or the value of the things you own — such as your home or car — to calculate your net worth. Liabilities are a part of your overall financial health, but they are not all harmful as long as you keep them in check.What is a liability?
A liability is money you owe to another person or institution. Liabilities lower your net worth because you're obligated to repay them.What are some examples of liabilities?
A liability might be short term, such as a credit card balance, or long term, such as a mortgage. All of your liabilities should factor into your net worth calculation. Examples include: Auto loans. Student loans. Credit card balances, if not paid in full each month. Mortgages. Secured personal loans. Unsecured personal loans. Payday loans. Buy now, pay later loans.Meet MoneyNerd, your weekly news decoder
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Why do liabilities matter in personal finance?
Liabilities reveal a lot about your relationship with money and credit, but you’ll need to put them in context. The type of debt you incur is key to understanding whether your liabilities might help you build wealth or hold you back.How liabilities can help build wealth
Certain liabilities can help increase your net worth over time. For example, student loans finance your education and might lead to a higher paying job. Other liabilities, such as credit card debt, aren’t going to add to your net worth. » RELATED: Learn what it means to be a high net worth individual. » RELATED:How liabilities can hurt your finances
Liabilities can become problematic if they significantly exceed your assets, leaving you with a negative net worth. Liabilities could also interfere with your ability to pursue financial goals, such as building an emergency fund or saving for retirement. Think of it this way: Every dollar that goes toward a loan balance or interest payment is one less dollar you have to save, invest or put toward your expenses.How can you reduce your liabilities?
No matter how much debt you have or what kind, have a plan in place to pay it down — the sooner, the better. Typically, the more time you have to build up your assets, the less weight your liabilities will carry. If you’re unhappy with your net worth number and think your liabilities are to blame, take steps to pay off debt efficiently. You could try the debt avalanche method to wipe out your highest-interest debts first. Or, you could try the debt snowball method, which prioritizes paying off your debts from the smallest to the largest. You might also think about finding ways to make more money, such as getting a side gig or asking your boss for a raise. If managing your liabilities seems overwhelming, consider working with a credit counseling agency to create a debt relief plan.Meet MoneyNerd, your weekly news decoder
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Explore more on About the author Lauren Schwahn is a writer at NerdWallet who covers credit scoring, debt, budgeting and money-saving strategies. She contributed to the "Millennial Money" column for The Associated Press and managed a team of writers producing content for the series. Her work has also been featured by USA Today, MSN, The Washington Post and more. Lauren has a bachelor’s degree in history from the University of California, Santa Cruz. She is based in San Francisco. Published in High Net Worth: What It Means to Be a HNWI How to Set Financial Goals: A Step-By-Step Guide How to Make Money: Take Our Quiz to Find Your Side Hustle How to Pay Off Debt: Top Strategies for 2026 Net Worth Calculator: What Is My Net Worth? By Hal M. Bundrick, CFP®, Pamela de la Fuente How to Pay Off Debt: Top Strategies for 2026 By Lauren Schwahn, Jackie Veling Average and Median Net Worth by Age: How Do You Compare? By Lauren Schwahn High Net Worth: What It Means to Be a HNWI By Lauren Schwahn, Pamela de la Fuente How to Make Passive Income: 16 Strategies to Try By Alana Benson, Sabrina Parys